Combine potent interpretation power with exciting visualization and pointandclick convenience. Seismic interpretation is a critical step in evaluating the subsurface. Extract the best possible interpretation analysis from your seismic data. While modern multichannel data have increased the quantity and quality. Discrete log will appear in well logs global well logs 2. Seismic interpretation, whether for hydrocarbon exploration or geotechnical studies, is.
Seismic interpretation and subsurface mapping are key skills that are used commonly in the oil industry. The course consists of lectures on fundamental topics including basics of petroleum geology, seismic response, velocity, resolution, seismic migration, seismic correlation and mapping techniques, and quantified interpretation. At the most basic level of seismic interpretation, it is essential to identify the major reflecting interfaces, known at the well, with their corresponding reflections in the seismic data. In practice, most interpreters use instantaneous amplitude, or some variation of an amplitude attribute, as their primary diagnostic tool.
This would be a great textbook for an introduction to seismic interpretation course that focuses on the geology side, or a great reference manual for geoscientists or perhaps even engineers who are. Effective learning and secondorder methods, a tutorial. The sequence in which these tasks are performed is commonly referred to as an interpretation work flow. Therefore, this chapter is a revisit to the basics of seismic wave. Seismic stratigraphic and quantitative interpretation of. W7 well logs and synthetic seismograms, seismic well calibration 10. In the earth, seismic waves can propagate as longitudinal p or as shear s waves. Graham and trotman seismic reflection interpretation has been well served with texts in recent years, but this book is notable in presenting plenty of casehistory material. The phase of the wavelet contained in any seismic data set can vary laterally and vertically temporally and is estimated most accurately by determin istic methods using well control.
This is concerned with study of wave shape, polarity, continuity, dip, frequency, phase, and amplitude. Esanda engineering seismic interpretation fundamentals. Abdelaziz assistant lecturer, geology department, faculty of science helwan university, egypt. The primary aim of this book is to describe dixs correlation procedure in terms of the science, data, tools, and techniques now used in seismic interpretation in the oil and gas industry. Digital filtering theory applies to virtually any sampled information in time e. A seismic example the seismic line is the stack of a series of cmp gathers, as shown here.
Seismic data interpretation and evaluation for hydrocarbon. Simply defined, seismic interpretation is the science and art of inferring the geology at some depth from the processed seismic record. Pdf first steps in seismic interpretation khaled magdy. Basics of exploration seismology and tomography pdf 20p covered topics. While modern multichannel data have increased the quantity and quality of interpretable data, proper interpretation still requires that the interpreter draw upon his or her geological understanding to pick the most likely interpretation from the many. Seismic data processing geos 469569 spring 2006 geos 469569 is a mix of digital filtering theory and practical applications of digital techniques to assemble and enhance images of subsurface geology. Every point on the wave front is a source of a new wave that travels out of it in the form of spherical shells. Microsoft powerpoint introduction to petroleum geology and geophysics. Seismic attribute analysis provides information related to structure, stratigraphy, and reservoir properties. The seismic method use acoustic waves sound to image the subsurface measure time for sound to get from surface. It is important because geological concepts of stratigraphy can be applied on seismic data and hence, seismic stratigraphy can be used as a predictive tool for petroleum system elements like reservoir, seal and source rock.
Depends on changes in velocity, density, and poissons ratio i. Seismic interpreters can be geologists, geophysicists, and even engineers. In the absence of well control, you can 18 first steps in seismic interpretation downloaded 052914 to 129. The lesson uses the basics seismic reflection principles, and allows the student to apply them to interpret a geologic framework, conduct a data analysis, prospect for hydrocarbons, and then assess whether the basin should be bid on and provide an economic analysis. Fred schroeder, retired from exxonexxonmobil presented on august 3, 2017. Seismic inversion and synthetic sonic logs calibration of seismic attributes to ground truth is still an emerging science. Interpretation turns large investments in acquisition and processing into valuable assets. All instantaneous seismic attributes amplitude, phase, frequency can be used in interpretation. The level of detail in an interpretation work flow can vary depending on how an. Basics of exploration seismology and tomography pdf 20p. For free space, the onedimensional wave equation is derived. Interpretation turns large investments in acquisition and processing into.
Seismic rays are used instead of the wave front to describe the wave propagation. Apply to log curve using flood fills or paint petrel course basic seismic interpretation session 3 seismic interpretation session 3 seismic. The lesson uses the basics seismic reflection principles, and allows the student to apply them to interpret a geologic framework, conduct a data analysis, prospect for. Insight into sea level effects, geomorphology and associated reservoir quality. Well data required for interpretation are wireline logs gamma ray logs, resistivity logs, porosity log, sonic logs, density logs and neutron logs or equivalent rock property model, check shot data. The third and final stage of the hierarchy of seismic interpretation is seismic attribute analysis taner and sheriff, 1977. Seismic interpretation training course petroskills si1. Basics of seismic interpretation incorporated research. Amplitude is related to reflectivity, which in turn is related to subsurface impedance contrasts. A seismic interpretation study should access the following data sets 2d or 3d seismic data cube. Seismic stratigraphic and quantitative interpretation of leonardian reefal carbonates, eastern shelf of the midland basin. Because ive assumed that readers are familiar with basic concepts and principles of geology and reflection seismology, the book is best viewed as a synthesis. Interpretation of any data, especially seismic data in petroleum exploration, needs to be. To be effective, it is necessary to teach geologists and engineers a bit of geophysics, and geophysicists and engineers a bit of.
Basics of seismic interpretation linkedin slideshare. Introduction to seismic interpretation rps training. Explain fundamental aspects of seismic wave propagation, diffractions, and reflection criteria. Structural interpretation of seismic reflection data. Chapter 11 structural interpretation of seismic reflection data. Seismic interpretation and 3d structural modeling generate a regionally accurate image of the subsurface of wadi field revealing a variety of structures. Mcquillin and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Basic principles of the seismic method tu delft ocw. It is the study of seismic data for the purpose of extracting stratigraphic information.
This book begins with an introduction that is more philosophical than technical, followed by five chapters on fundamentals of reflection seismic titled seismic response, seismic attributes, velocity. First steps in seismic interpretation geoscienceworld. The course consists of lectures on fundamental topics including basics of petroleum geology, seismic response, velocity. Basic principles of the seismic method in this chapter we introduce the basic notion of seismic waves. The seismic data written to tape in the dog house, whether on land or at sea, are not ideal for interpretation. It is rare that the correctness or incorrectness of an. Lesson 11 basics of seismic interpretation youtube. Pdf quantitative use of seismic attributes for reservoir. It is rare that the correctness or incorrectness of an interpretation can be ascertained. Four case studies make up almost the entire last third. This would be a great textbook for an introduction to seismic interpretation course that focuses on the geology side, or a great reference manual for geoscientists or perhaps even engineers who are working with seismic data probably in the petroleum industry, but also in academia, or the environmental industry.
The variation in the amplitude of a seismic reflection with angle of incidence or sourcegeophone distance. Seismic basics in 5 pages university of saskatchewan. Oct 31, 20 seismic stratigraphy deals with interpretation. Relieve interpreters from tedious and repetitive activities so they can spend more time evaluating plays and validating findings. Insight into sea level effects, geomorphology and associated reservoir quality abidin b. The data has geological structures to interpret and three horizons to pick. Well data are gotten from rock samples and measurements at depth from a wellbore. To help you to get started, have a look at this pdf 1. It is rare that the correctness or incorrectness of an interpretation can be ascertained, because the actual geology is rarely known in enough detail. Seismic data processing geos 469569 spring 2006 geos 469569 is a mix of digital filtering theory and practical applications of digital techniques to assemble and enhance images of subsurface. This teaching resource introduces the basic principles of seismic interpretation and then, if. Graham and trotman seismic reflection interpretation has been well served with texts. As an individual geoscientist, you develop and apply your own approach and style when interpreting seismic data. Nov 26, 2017 introduction to seismic interpretation 1.
Seismic interpreters can be geologists, geophysicists, and. The depth structural maps served as the base for the gross depositional environment mapping, whereas the 2d seismic line interpretation is used for the 2d basin. Seismic interpretation an overview sciencedirect topics. Seismic interpretation and subsurface mapping are key skills. Formerly, a book, now available on cdrom, this title was written to be an introduction to the geologic interpretation of seismic data. The wave phenomena occurring at a boundary between two layers are discussed, such as snells. Because rocks are opaque, it is very difficult to see. Crains petrophysical handbook seismic inversion basics. Create a basic stratigraphic framework using seismic stratigraphy. In chapter 2 we tried to give a brief introduction about the basics of the different types of waves, and fundamental of seismic data and its. Kulbhushan1, monalisa mitra2 1kurukshetra university, kurukshetra department of geophysics haryana india pin6119.
The seismic wavelet starts as the pulse of seismic energy, which, generated by the energy source, travels down through the earth, is reflected and travels back up to the surface receivers carrying the geological information with it. Introduction to petroleum geology and geophysics geophysical methods in hydrocarbon exploration. An introduction to seismic interpretation pdf free download. The seismic method use acoustic waves sound to image the subsurface measure time for sound to get from surface to subsurface reflectors and back two. Seismic stratigraphy techniques help us for stratigraphic interpretation of seismic reflectors. Pdf geological interpretation of reflection seismic data. Here is a portion of a 2d seismic line showing a gas sand brightspot. Seismic interpretation is the thoughtful procedure of separating these effects. See mathematical details in the seismic basics in 5 pages on page 5.
All modern seismic interpretation software can perform the numerical transform that converts 3d seismic wiggletrace data into a 3d coherency volume. The seismic wavelet starts as the pulse of seismic energy, which, generated by the energy source, travels down through the earth. To create an accurate picture of the subsurface, we must remove or at least minimize artifacts in these records related to the surface upon which the survey was performed, artifacts related to the instrumentation and procedure used, and noise in the data obscuring the subsurface image. All interpretation projects include a number of tasks which must be completed in order to meet project objectives. This book begins with an introduction that is more philosophical than technical, followed by five chapters on fundamentals of reflection seismic titled seismic response, seismic attributes, velocity, migration, and resolution. The sequence in which these tasks are performed is commonly referred to as an. Introduction to seismic interpretation linkedin slideshare. Basics of exploration seismic experiments and data processing, basics of traveltime tomography and basics of waveform.